Teaching for Character and Community
1. How much did you understand?
1. What kind of violence is increasing in schools? (paragraph 2)
Answer: kind of violence is the students bringing weapons and killing and injuring classmates and teachers.
2. According to the writer, what do teachers do with regard to the increase in violence in the schools? What should they do? (paragraph 2)
Answer: the teachers do erecting more and better metal detectors, installing more sophisticated surveillance cameras, hiring more resource officers, adopting and enforcing stricter harassment policies, and suspending and expelling more students. And they should walk upstream to identify the underlying causes of extreme school violence and develop prevention programs aimed at addressing these root problems.
3. Explain the sentence: "No consistent demographic profile emerged of the attackers." (paragraph 3).
Answer: some have histories of neglect, but other came from intact families; some were failing in school, but other were excellent students.
4. What do many of those involved in school violence have in common? (paragraph 4)
Answer: more than three-quarters.
5. What are some of the factors that cause these students to be violent? (paragraphs 5 & 6)
Answer: young people turn from parents to peers for social and psychological support.
6. What does the writer mean by "walking upstream"? (paragraph 7)
Answer: walking upstream mean that educators must attempt to alter the process by which students form themselves into subgroups.
7. Why is it important for educators to include the teaching of character in the school curriculum? (paragraphs 9-10)
Answer: because it has made character education-the teaching of caring, respect, and common virtues-a high priority curriculum.
8. What are the "common virtues" that the author includes in character education? (paragraphs 11-12)
Answer: the "common virtues" are personal virtues, relationship virtues and community virtues.
9. What are the two approaches to fostering character and community in the schools? (paragraphs 15-16) What is the difference between them?
Answer: two approaches to fostering character and community are curricular approaches and instructional approaches. The different between them is in curricular approaches the teacher focused on the virtues exhibited or not exhibited by a historical or literacy figured, when in instructional approaches the implicit curriculum—how teachers teach—is at least as influential on student learning as the explicit curriculum—what teachers teach.
10. Explain the strategy called "Paraphrase Passport" in paragraphs 16 & 17. What are the advantages of using such a strategy in teaching literature?
Answer: "Paraphrase Passport" is each student in a pair or group must paraphrase the prior speaker before stating his or her own opinion. The advantages of using such a strategy in teaching literature are better understanding of others’ view point, become more emphatic, and improve their listening skills.
11. Why is the instructional approach more powerful? (paragraph 17)
Answer: Because students practice the virtues daily.
12. Choose one example of "Structures for Community and Character" (paragraphs 18-26) and explain it briefly.
Answer: RoundRobin. The rule is seated in small groups, each student shares his or her ideas in turn. As the students interact, they learn to take turns, a form of respect. Instead of using this structure, the teacher could call on students one at a time to share their ideas.
13. What are some of the positive effects of making character education part of instruction? (paragraphs 27-31)
Answer: there are some positive effect making character education part of instruction; the structures help avoid the testing trap, structures increase engagement, structure help students practice character and virtues.
2.CLOSE READING
a. Vocabulary
1. Prefixes: Underline the prefixes in these words. What meaning do they signal?
implicit, exclude, underlying, transition, interact, cooperative, community
2. Substitute words: What do the underlined words refer to?
1. "Some had histories of neglect, but otherscame from intact families." (paragraph 3)
The word refer to incidents of extreme school violence.
The word refer to incidents of extreme school violence.
2. "When they include structures as part of their curriculum for community and character, educators go a long way..." (paragraph 32)
The word refer to the teachers.
The word refer to the teachers.
b. Verb form: What do the underlined verb forms denote? Circle your choice.
1. "Kids would burn their lighters and then press the hot metal against his neck." (paragraph 4)
condition / past habit
2. "If instead their teacher were to lecture about the poem, students would be far less likely to develop..." (paragraph 16)
condition / past habit
1. "Kids would burn their lighters and then press the hot metal against his neck." (paragraph 4)
condition / past habit
2. "If instead their teacher were to lecture about the poem, students would be far less likely to develop..." (paragraph 16)
condition / past habit
c. Sentence Structure:
Look at these sentences and follow the instructions.
1. "The most important finding to emerge from the study was that more than three-quarters of those who had resorted to extreme school violence had a grievance." (paragraph 4)
- Underline all the verbs. Which one is the main verb of the sentence? The main verb of the sentence is most important finding
- What was the most important finding of the study? The most important finding of the study was that more than three-quarters of those who had resorted to extreme school violence had a grievance.
- Who had a grievance? They who had resorted to extreme school violence.
2. "Educators have been reluctant to engage in character education for fear that parents would object." (paragraph 13)
Paraphrase this sentence twice, beginning with the words given:
-Because educators have been reluctant to engage in character education.
-Educators are afraid that if the parents would object.
Look at these sentences and follow the instructions.
1. "The most important finding to emerge from the study was that more than three-quarters of those who had resorted to extreme school violence had a grievance." (paragraph 4)
- Underline all the verbs. Which one is the main verb of the sentence? The main verb of the sentence is most important finding
- What was the most important finding of the study? The most important finding of the study was that more than three-quarters of those who had resorted to extreme school violence had a grievance.
- Who had a grievance? They who had resorted to extreme school violence.
2. "Educators have been reluctant to engage in character education for fear that parents would object." (paragraph 13)
Paraphrase this sentence twice, beginning with the words given:
-Because educators have been reluctant to engage in character education.
-Educators are afraid that if the parents would object.
d.Modal verbs: What do the underlined modals mean? Circle your choice.
1. "We must not fail to address the lack of character and virtues in today's youth." (paragraph 10)
prohibition / lack of necessity
2. "A student who has one or two lessons on kindness may or may not be kind." (paragraph 30)
permission/ possibility
1. "We must not fail to address the lack of character and virtues in today's youth." (paragraph 10)
prohibition / lack of necessity
2. "A student who has one or two lessons on kindness may or may not be kind." (paragraph 30)
permission/ possibility
e.Passive: Underline the passive verb in this quotation.
Then paraphrase it, beginning with the words given.
"For many students, character and virtues will be acquired in school - or not at all".(page 62)
For many students school is the place to get character and virtues.
Then paraphrase it, beginning with the words given.
"For many students, character and virtues will be acquired in school - or not at all".(page 62)
For many students school is the place to get character and virtues.
Thank you 💕
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